Monday, January 6, 2025

Vaccine News: Molecular Features in Blood Predict Durability of Vaccine-Induced Antibody Response

This could potentially help predict who will need a booster shot and when.
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Monday, January 6, 2025

Molecular Features in Blood Predict Durability of Vaccine-Induced Antibody Response

Close-up photograph of a person receiving a flu shot.

A person receives a flu shot. Credit: NIAID

A set of molecular features found in people's blood within a few days of receiving a flu shot predicted the strength of their antibody response to the vaccine months later, according to research coauthored and supported by NIAID. This molecular "signature" also accurately predicted future antibody responses in studies of six other vaccines in people. It could potentially be used in the future to help gauge who needs a booster shot and when. A key part of the signature consisted of tiny bits of RNA within platelets, small cells that form clots in the blood. When scientists gave mice a flu shot and increased their active platelet-making cells, the level of anti-flu antibodies in their blood two months later was much higher than in mice that received the flu shot alone. This suggests vaccines that activate platelet-making cells may elicit a longer-lasting antibody response than vaccines that do not. The findings are published in the journal Nature Immunology.

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