Monday, March 11, 2024

On AI treaty, US wants an opt-out

The ideas and innovators shaping health care
Mar 11, 2024 View in browser
 
Future Pulse

By Gregory Svirnovskiy, Daniel Payne, Ruth Reader and Erin Schumaker

TECH MAZE

REYKJAVIK, ICELAND - MAY 16: Britain's Prime Minister Rishi Sunak speaks during the opening of the Council of Europe summit on May 16, 2023 in Reykjavik, Iceland. Leaders from across the continent are laser-focused on holding Russia to account for its invasion of Ukraine and were poised to approve a system during their Council of Europe summit that would precisely establish the damages Moscow would have   to pay to rebuild the nation. (Photo by Alastair Grant - WPA Pool/Getty Images)

The Council of Europe wants America in the AI treaty, but that'll come at a price. | Getty Images

European countries negotiating a treaty on responsible use of artificial intelligence want U.S. backing — since America boasts the sector’s leading firms, including OpenAI, Google and Microsoft.

But the price, as laid out by American diplomats, is language allowing the U.S. to exempt American companies from any new obligations the treaty imposes.

That’s not going over well with some allies across the pond as well as activist groups that back tighter controls on AI. They say that any deal must bind both governments and corporations to be effective.

The debate: The treaty, negotiated by the Council of Europe and its 46 member countries, would establish basic obligations to respect human dignity, the rule of law and democratic principles when AI is used.

The U.S. is a non-voting observer at the council, but the Europeans crave its signature on the treaty because of the United States' importance in the development of AI.

To get U.S. backing, American negotiators have demanded language allowing the U.S. to exempt firms, our POLITICO colleagues in Europe report. The idea is to protect U.S. national security interests.

American activists at the Center for AI and Digital Policy, and Public Citizen, among other organizations, wrote to Secretary of State Antony Blinken to complain that an opt-out would gut the deal. “A hollowed-out treaty will provide little meaningful protections to individuals who will become increasingly subject to powerful AI systems prone to bias,” they wrote.

What’s next? Partly under pressure from member countries like France and Germany, the EU is trying to meet Washington halfway in order to finalize the deal this week.

EU member countries are now proposing to amend the draft treaty to allow all signatory countries to opt out of rules for companies.

 

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380238 03: Pediatrician Wilma Bausas examines Jonathan Valdez, 2, during his visit to the Centro de Salud Familiar La Fe, Inc. health clinic October 14, 2000 in El Paso, Texas. Texas ranks second to last (49th out of 50 states) in the nation in the percentage of children without health insurance. About 1.4 million children in Texas are uninsured. (Photo by Joe Raedle/Newsmakers)

Ear infections are the bane of childhood for many. | Getty Images

Ear infections plague millions of young children. Untreated, the infections can lead to hearing loss and learning disabilities.

AI could help prevent that, University of Pittsburgh researchers believe.

How’s that? The researchers spent five years compiling a library of 1,151 videos featuring the eardrums of 635 children.

They used the videos to train and test two AI tools to better recognize infection. They found it boosted the accurate diagnosis rate to more than 90 percent.

That’s a big improvement over current methods. Doctors typically miss more than 1 in 4 cases.

What’s next? By more accurately diagnosing the condition, the researchers hope to ensure kids get treated.

At the same time, they hope to prevent overly cautious doctors from prescribing antibiotics when they’re not needed, an action that can reduce the drugs’ effectiveness among the general population over time.

 

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DANGER ZONE

MIAMI, FL - JUNE 15:  Doctor Antonella Tosti, Dermatologist University of Miami School of Medicine, displays an image on her iphone of a mark on the skin of Michael Casa Nova, 12,  as she uses it as a dermatoscope while examinging him for symptoms of skin cancer due to sun exposure on June 15, 2011 in Miami, Florida. The federal Food and Drug Administration announced that sunscreen manufacturers are to   change the labels on their products to prohibit the use of certain marketing terms. The new rules are meant to help clear up confusion about the meaning of "sun protection factor," or SPF, and other terms like "waterproof."  (Photo by Joe Raedle/Getty Images)

Dermatology apps aren't ready for prime time, researchers found. | Getty Images

AI dermatology apps might be harming patients, according to a new analysis by researchers at UCLA, New York University, Stanford and others.

They looked at dozens of apps that claim to detect skin cancer, track moles and recommend treatment for acne, among other conditions, and found a host of problems — from a lack of evidence and input from dermatologists to back-up diagnoses and treatment recommendations along with opaque algorithms and questionable data-privacy practices.

How so? The analysis reviewed apps mostly aimed at consumers. None of the apps reviewed are FDA-approved, though only two had disclaimers saying so.

Ten apps claimed diagnostic capabilities, though few offered evidence published in peer-reviewed journals.

Because direct-to-consumer health tech is booming, the authors argue, regulations are needed to validate the technology and protect patients.

Even so: The researchers offered hope for the future of such apps, saying proper safeguards could amplify their benefits and diminish their risks.

That might already be happening in some instances: Certain consumer-facing apps have been classified in the EU as medical devices, offering hopes for future FDA review and quality assurances for users.

 

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