Monday, January 22, 2024

Lawmakers clash over farm bill future

Presented by CropLife America: Delivered every Monday by 10 a.m., Weekly Agriculture examines the latest news in agriculture and food politics and policy.
Jan 22, 2024 View in browser
 
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By Meredith Lee Hill and Garrett Downs

Presented by

CropLife America
QUICK FIX

— Republicans are starting to push back on Senate Ag Chair Debbie Stabenow ’s newest farm bill proposal, which we recently scooped. We also caught up with Stabenow about skepticism she may face from within her own party about the way forward with time running out.

— Ag lawmakers are desperately trying to move the massive legislation still this year. We break down the array of challenges that are piling up, as Congress stares down another shutdown threat in the coming weeks.

— A bipartisan group of senators introduced a bill to speed up the development of sustainable aviation fuel — a hot issue amid the rise of electric vehicles.

HAPPY MONDAY, Jan. 22. We’re your hosts, Meredith Lee Hill and Garrett Downs. Send tips to meredithlee@politico.com and gdowns@politico.com, and follow us at @Morning_Ag.

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U.S. farmers’ access to pesticides, which are critical for growing crops in an affordable and sustainable way, is in jeopardy because of misguided state regulatory efforts. Over 360 agricultural and other groups support the bipartisan Agricultural Labeling Uniformity Act to help the U.S. correct course while still allowing for local use case restrictions. Find out how the Agricultural Labeling Uniformity Act protects America’s farmers.

 

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Driving the day

Rep. Glenn Thompson (R-Pa.).

House Ag Chair G.T. Thompson (R-Pa.) is pushing for a farm bill as early as March. | Francis Chung/POLITICO

FARM BILL BATTLES: Both the House and Senate Ag Committees are still far from hammering out drafts of the massive legislation that’s expected to hit $1.5 trillion.

Ag lawmakers in both chambers are still hoping to advance a farm bill before mid-summer. But some House Republicans in particular are privately acknowledging that a lame duck farm bill might be the only option.

House Ag Chair G.T. Thompson (R-Pa.) is pressing for a push as early as March, but that will likely slip to April or May given the ongoing government funding battle and a new partial shutdown looming in March.

Time crunch: Ag lawmakers are just now getting scores back on proposals they sent the Congressional Budget Office last July, amid delays and a logjam from the endless funding battle. Congress will also try to move a major tax plan and possibly a significant border security and foreign aid package in the coming weeks, which will claim precious floor time.

Johnson’s focus: Some House GOP lawmakers are increasingly concerned that the all-consuming funding battle and threat of another hard-right rebellion is keeping Speaker Mike Johnson from making plans for the farm bill.

That intricate planning will, notably, require some hard conversations within the GOP conference, since they’ll need Democratic votes to pass any farm bill this year. Some Republicans estimate at least 80 Republicans will vote against the legislation, and likely more.

Rules challenges: And, if the recent House chaos has taught us anything, it’s that Johnson will very likely need to bring up any farm bill under what’s known as suspension of the rules in order to bypass hardliners on the Rules Committee and get the massive bill to the floor.

That creates a separate set of challenges regarding the amendment process, where hardliners in both parties traditionally target major pieces of the bill that threaten to unravel the entire effort.

Policy impasse: And, within the Ag committees, there are still major struggles over what’s actually going to be in the legislation. GOP lawmakers are now bristling at a new crop insurance proposal from Senate Ag Chair Stabenow, details of which Meredith scooped last week.

FARM BILL BATTLES

Sens. Debbie Stabenow (D-Mich.) and John Boozman (R-Ark.).

Senate Ag Committee Chair Debbie Stabenow (D-Mich.) and ranking member John Boozman (R-Ark.). | Francis Chung/POLITICO

CROP INSURANCE STRUGGLE: Stabenow’s plan aims to provide a larger variety of more affordable crop insurance options for producers, but without pulling any funding from key Democratic priorities in the farm bill like climate or nutrition funding.

In order to do that, her plan would force producers who want to enroll in the new crop insurance offering to opt out of separate farm risk safety net programs like Agriculture Risk Coverage and Price Loss Coverage.

Senate Ag Republicans, who as Meredith also scooped last week are planning to release their own farm bill framework in the coming months, are not thrilled with the prospect of forcing farmers to make that choice.

“That’s not gonna work,” Sen. John Hoeven (R-N.D.) said.

Senate Ag Committee ranking member John Boozman (R-Ark.), told Garrett he doesn’t “really have an opinion right now,” and that his team was looking over the proposal. Nonetheless, he was happy to see a proposal aiming to break the farm bill deadlock.

“I think that putting these ideas out is a good step in the right direction,” Boozman said. “I don’t know that we’ll end up exactly with this proposal, but it is a proposal, it’s something we can work with.”

Funding pinch: Stabenow may also face some pushback from within her own party.

Sen. Jon Tester (D-Mont.), one of the most vulnerable Senate Democrats up for reelection in November, told MA he hadn’t been read in on the specifics of the proposal. But he noted the reference price for wheat “needs to be a little higher.”

“That costs money and people gotta be willing to spend the money, if we have a higher reference price,” Tester added.

Asked about Tester and others’ push for an increase in some reference prices, Stabenow said she’s talked with the Montana Democrat about the issue, as we’ve reported. But she noted the complex funding puzzle with limited new money available.

“This is not an isolated discussion we can have. It's in the context of the way things work together,” Stabenow said.

Stabenow continued: “And so, I certainly am supportive of doing something on reference prices for those who will not already be getting increases. But I am constantly reminding folks that we've got over 130 commodities who benefit from buying crop insurance — which pays out immediately.”

Stabenow also said crop insurance has been “the number one way” for farmers to receive disaster assistance.

“And so, we just need to do things in a balanced, effective way. And reference price increases — farmers usually don't get those payments for a year or two after.”

“I'm not opposed to reference price increases. This is about what's the best thing for farmers. That's the most effective,” Stabenow added.

Some commodity groups have been privately skeptical of the plans.

And, the American Farm Bureau Federation told MA that “farmers need both increased Title 1 funding and expanded crop insurance products to meet the modern challenges of agriculture.”

Sam Kieffer, AFBF’s vice president of public policy, said the influential ag lobby appreciates Stabenow “for her continued efforts to navigate a new farm bill” and looks forward to working with her “to update and improve the cornerstone of the farm safety net.”

“Since the last farm bill, farmers and consumers have experienced record-high inflation, a pandemic and global uncertainty, so strong risk management tools are more important than ever,” Kieffer added.

 

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BIOFUELS FIGHT

THE SAF PUSH: A bipartisan group of senators today will introduce the Farm to Fly Act, a companion measure to a House bill that seeks to speed up the production and development of sustainable aviation fuel.

The bill is being introduced by Sens. Jerry Moran (R-Kan.), Amy Klobuchar (D-Minn.) and Joni Ernst (R-Iowa).

What the bill does: The Farm to Fly Act would clarify eligibility for SAF within the USDA’s agricultural bioenergy programs, affirm a common definition of SAF for USDA purposes, and provide for greater collaboration for aviation biofuels through USDA’s programs and public-private partnerships.

Why it matters: SAF has emerged as a popular priority among lawmakers, commodity groups and commercial airlines as the industry tries to lessen the carbon intensity of air travel. It is also a new market for biofuels, a critical source of revenue for farmers, as electric vehicles begin to supplant traditional biofuels like ethanol.

It’s also a favorite topic of Ag Secretary Tom Vilsack, who casts the developing industry as a potentially new lucrative revenue stream for farmers while he travels the country to tout the Biden administration’s investments. The Inflation Reduction Act created a tax credit to producers of SAF.

Moran said the Farm to Fly Act would “increase the accessibility of biofuel for commercial use and directly support rural America and its farmers, the agriculture industry and the aviation sector.”

Row Crops

— Florida Gov. Ron DeSantis ended his bid for president after a second place finish in Iowa. His exit narrows the field ahead of this week’s New Hampshire primary, where former President Donald Trump and former U.N. ambassador Nikki Haley will face off.

— Nearly 20 groups wrote to the Federal Trade Commission and Justice Department to investigate and take action against Koch Industries acquisition of OCI Global’s Iowa Fertilizer Co.

— Rachel Skaar is now the Democratic deputy communications director for the Senate Environment and Public Works Committee. She was previously press secretary for Sen. Michael Bennet (D-Colo.).

— The farmers had what the billionaires wanted. (The New York Times)

THAT’S ALL FOR MA! Drop us a line: gdowns@politico.com, meredithlee@politico.com, marciabrown@politico.com, mmartinez@politico.com, abehsudi@politico.com and ecadei@politico.com.

A message from CropLife America:

360+ agricultural groups back the bipartisan Agricultural Labeling Uniformity Act to protect our food supply, farmers’ livelihoods, and the environment. Some states are trying to enact pesticide labeling requirements that directly contradict scientific guidance from the EPA, jeopardizing farmers’ access to pesticides—a critical input for growing crops.

If not addressed, this will create an unworkable patchwork of regulations that directly impacts the availability of these essential products for farmers—lowering yields, increasing farmers’ costs, threatening domestic food security, and ultimately, raising prices for consumers, while erasing decades of conservation gains. The Agricultural Labeling Uniformity Act ensures these products remain available while not affecting state and localities' ability to restrict pesticide use, or any individual’s rights in the legal process. Learn more.

 
 

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