A 732-mile power line broke ground in Wyoming this week, paving the way for the country’s largest onshore wind project to send zero-carbon energy to California, Arizona and Nevada. While the $3 billion TransWest Express Transmission project marks a win for the Biden administration, it took nearly two decades to green-light, writes Jason Plautz. The delay (which is now old enough to vote) highlights a major challenge for grid projects: permitting. The process is complex and time-consuming, even for projects backed by the administration. Transmission lines that are powerful and big enough to transport energy from solar fields and wind farms to urban centers often cross federal, state, county and private land, necessitating approval from the government at each level. That can take years, to say nothing of cost. But meeting President Joe Biden’s goal of reaching net-zero power sector emissions by 2035 would require the country to grow its high-voltage transmission network by more than 50 percent, according to the Energy Department. The administration is working to identify key electric transmission corridors where it will be able to sidestep state opposition. And the White House and members of both parties in Congress continue to discuss ways to speed up federal permitting for energy projects. A Democratic proposal to upgrade transmission lines didn't make it into last month's debt ceiling proposal. Republicans instead agreed to a study on the issue. If the U.S. is unable to quickly build transmission, the nation’s clean-energy backlog will likely continue to grow. Over 2,000 gigawatts of solar, wind and battery storage projects are waiting to connect. That’s more power than the country’s current generating capacity, and more than six times larger than the bottleneck was in 2014. The TransWest project was first proposed in 2005 by Arizona’s largest utility. It entered the permitting pipeline two years later but only received its final notice to proceed last April. That’s despite former President Barack Obama designating the project as a priority in 2011. The power line is slated for completion in 2028. “It took way too long to get this permitted,” Energy Secretary Jennifer Granholm said at a celebration of the project on Tuesday. “We all agree in the Biden administration that we need to accelerate these transmission lines.”
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